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Foundations of faith

What is the Bible?

A unique collection of 66 books, written by dozens of authors over centuries, united by one narrative — and recognized by Christians as God's very own Word.

  • It is not a single book, but a library of 66 books
  • Written by humans, inspired by the Holy Spirit
  • Living Word that shapes conduct and remains relevant today

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The most basic — and most important — question

Who opens the Bible for the first time usually surprises themselves: the book is thick, it begins with the creation of the world and ends with visions of the end times. In between, there is poetry, laws, letters, prophecies and war stories. What is all this?

The answer begins with a simple distinction: the Bible is not a book, it is a collection of books. There are 66 in total — 39 in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament — written in different times, contexts and languages, by authors including shepherds, kings, prophets, fishermen and doctors. Despite this diversity, they are united by a central narrative: the story of humanity's redemption by God.

God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son.

Hebrews 1:1-2
The four pillars

What you need to understand about the Bible

  • A collection, not a single book

    The Bible gathers 66 books written over centuries by authors from very different origins and times. Despite this, they all share a cohesive narrative: the story of how God acts to redeem humanity.

  • Divine-human nature

    The Bible was written by human beings in human language — with emotion, culture and style unique to each author. At the same time, Christians recognize it as inspired by the Holy Spirit: not only a book that contains the Word of God, but the very Word of God itself.

  • Living and active Word

    The Bible is not a set of ancient texts without application. It is described as living and active, able to shape the Christian way of life and provide moral and ethical foundation for those who read it with humility and prayer.

  • Literature of human depth

    Books like Job, Ruth, Solomon's Song and Lamentations portray intense human emotions — pain, love, hope, lament. The Bible is also one of the richest literary works ever produced by humanity.

Is the Bible human or divine?

This is one of the most frequent questions from those who begin to study. The biblical answer is: both at the same time.

Human dimension

  • Written by about 40 different authors
  • Written in Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek
  • Each author has their own style, vocabulary and context
  • Spans over a thousand years of history
  • Includes a variety of literary genres: poetry, law, prophecy, letter, narrative

Divine dimension

  • Inspired by the Holy Spirit in every part
  • Not only contains the Word of God — it is the Word of God
  • God speaks directly through the prophets (Ex 4:15-16; Dt 18:18)
  • Unified narrative of redemption from beginning to end
  • Should be read with humility and prayer (Jn 16:13)

And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, full of grace and truth.

John 1:14

Why does the Bible still matter today?

A common objection is that the Bible would be an ancient book, written for cultures that no longer exist. The Christian answer is different: if God exists but does not reveal Himself, human beings are at the mercy of opinions and interpretations. General revelation — found in creation, conscience and history — points to the existence of God, but in an indirect and incomplete way.

The Bible is the special revelation: God speaking directly, clearly and sufficiently. That is why it is described as a living Word — not a closed historical document, but an ongoing revelation that continues to shape lives, providing moral foundation and answering the deepest questions of human existence.

Frequently asked questions from beginners

How many books are in the Bible?
The Protestant Bible, used by most evangelical churches in Brazil, has 66 books: 39 in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament.
Who wrote the Bible?
About 40 different human authors — including pastors, kings, prophets, fishermen, and doctors — wrote the books of the Bible over more than a thousand years. Christian faith affirms that all were inspired by the Holy Spirit, which explains the unity of the narrative despite the diversity of authors.
Is the Bible God's Word or does it merely contain God's Word?
The position supported by the sources on this portal is that the Bible is not just a book that contains God's Word, but is God's own Word. This is reinforced by passages such as Exodus 4:15-16 and Deuteronomy 18:18, where God speaks directly through the prophets.
Where should I start reading the Bible?
There is no single correct answer, but many teachers recommend starting with the Gospels (especially John or Mark) to learn about the life of Jesus, and then exploring the rest of the New Testament before diving into the Old. The most important thing is to develop the habit of regular reading, with prayer and a willingness to be guided by the Holy Spirit.
Why does the Bible seem so hard to understand?
The Bible was written in ancient languages (Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek), in cultures very different from ours and over centuries. In addition, it brings together various literary genres — poetry, law, prophecy, letter — that require different ways of reading. Reading with humility, seeking good introductions, and relying on the help of the Holy Spirit (John 16:13) are fundamental steps.
Does the Bible have literary value beyond the religious?
Yes. Books such as Job, Ruth, Song of Solomon, and Lamentations are recognized for their emotional depth and narrative richness, making the Bible one of the most significant literary works ever produced.

What to remember from this page

  • The Bible is a collection of 66 books, not a single book.
  • Its authors are diverse human beings, but Christian faith affirms that all were inspired by the Holy Spirit.
  • It does not merely contain God's Word — it *is* God's own Word.
  • It is described as living and active Word, capable of shaping conduct and providing a moral foundation.
  • Its literary and emotional richness makes it unique among all books ever written.
  • Reading with humility and prayer is the recommended path for those who want to understand it.
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